Browse Encyclopedia. Lets take wire transfers as an example. In This Article Data networks refer to systems designed to transfer data between two or more access points via the use of system controls, transmission lines and data switching. We will learn about 100baseFX and what is its maximum segment length. In this, the sender will send one frame at a time to the receiver. YouTube channel It relies on a large, complex network of service providers using servers, modems, switches and routers to provide connectivity to organizations and individuals all around the world. This figure describes all the data flow and communication methods. All Rights Reserved, Private vs. public: Types of data networks, Types of data networks: Other classifications. Learn the definition of Data Network, and get answers to FAQs regarding: Categories of network in data communication, advantages of data networks and more. Data can flow in different ways of data communication or transmission modes in networking. We will also see the encapsulation and de-encapsulation process in the OSI and TCP/IP models. Essentially, data center networking is the plumbing that connects all data center hardware together, via copper wire or fiber optics cable. B. It can be accessed by individual and corporate entities anywhere. In this kind of transmission medium, two devices can send or receive data at a time .they both can send and receive tools simultaneously. Two device-A and device-B can send the data simultaneously at a time they don't have to wait for another device .now days it is become trendy people have more data to send and don't wait for another device state (Sending and Receiving). A data network is a system designed to transfer data from one network access point to one other or more network access points via data switching, transmission lines, and system controls. Where does it end up? Flow Network is a directed graph that is used for modeling material Flow. slides When the acknowledgment is received by the sender then it knows that the first frame has been received by the receiver and it need not keep its record. In this blog, we'll learn about the Network Operating System and its various features. Copyright 2022, MindOrks Nextgen Private Limited. In other words, businesses often use A2P messaging to send messages from central databases for customer outreach or customer relationship processes to individual phone numbers attached to user What is Flow-Control in networking? window Don't miss an insight. Visit our In half-duplex, only one can function at a time. Having already defined what a DFD entails, the next step is to identify which vendors are storing, transmitting, and processing your data outside your network. There are two types of delays while sending these frames: The propagation delay for sending the data frame and the acknowledgment frame is the same as distance and speed will remain the same for both frames. The objectives may vary from troubleshooting connectivity issues to planning future bandwidth allocation. The crux of the DFD problem is most institutions dont know where to start. Network flow data is a crystal ball into your environment because it delivers much-needed and immediate, in-depth visibility. In this article, we will show you how to generate data using a trained neural network in TensorFlow. So the receiver will not send any acknowledgment as it has not received any frame. n Multiple users (connected over a data network) can simultaneously work on the same project or document remotely. Stay informed by joining our newsletter! In this blog, we will learn about the concept of subnetting, why it is done and how it is done. Translational Switching. We have total time as Td+2Tp. A wide area network (WAN) is a collection of LANs and other data networks that share information and communicate with each other over a large area (typically 50 kilometers or more in diameter). Two devices, such as Device-A and Device-B, here one device can send data or receive data but at a time. Top 10 Communication Skills that you have must know. A2P messaging is a term for SMS messaging that is sent from a software application to a user device feed. The flow control method will keep a check that the senders send the data only at a speed that the receiver is able to receive and process. So, The data center network switches are configured via software to provide optimal prioritization, security, and traffic routes for business applications and mission-critical services. The sender is doing work only for They can play the same role but not at a time. We will also see how the supernet mask of any network is calculated. Initially, the frames in the window are 0,1,2, 3. NetFlow is a network monitoring protocol, developed by Cisco, designed to capture measurements about the volume and types of traffic traversing a network device. Dataflow design is done through specialized software called dataflow diagrams (DFD) which are specially designed to graphically map how data is transmitted throughout a system. This type of testing is referred to as data flow testing. We will change this waiting time into transmission time. In sliding window protocol we will utilize this time. Dataflow is often defined using a model or diagram in which the entire process of data movement is mapped as it passes from one component to the next within a program or a system, taking into consideration how it changes form during the process. Finally, a cellular data network is a wireless network where fixed-location transceiver base stations (distributed over land cells) provide each cell with network coverage to enable it to transmit content such as data and voice. Large data sets can be generated using deep learning to improve the design of observation networks for monitoring subsurface flow and transport. Talk to our Incident Response Team, CAT Domain 4: External Dependency Management. Contact us to learn more about how WWT can help your company get the most out of adata network. By analyzing the data provided by NetFlow, a network administrator can determine things such as the source and destination of traffic, class of service, and the causes of congestion. It is performed at two abstract levels: static data flow testing and dynamic data flow testing. When the sender gets the acknowledgment then it will send the next data packet to the receiver and wait for the acknowledgment again and this process will continue. Expert Answer. Data Flow Diagrams need not be difficult. Some basic rules for the packet flow: If the destination host is present in the same network, then the packet is delivered directly to the destination host. Work hard | Stay humble | Spread happiness | Make things happen|&Never stop learning | BG: O+(ve). The increased efficiency helps avoid excessive latency and jitter for streaming data, such as VoIP (voice over IP) or video. The network traffic has a flow of the data through various interfaces, and that is why monitoring this traffic is also called Flow Analysis. stop and wait In contrast to private data networks, a public data network isn't limited to users and systems within a single organization. A data network doesn't require a physical connection to share information. There are two different vertices; one is a source which produces material at some steady rate, and another one is sink which consumes the content at the same constant speed. The flow of information, or data, between nodes, can take a variety of forms: With simplex communication, all data flow is unidirectional: from the designated transmitter to the designated receiver. A private data network is designed to facilitate data transmission between individuals and various departments in a single organization. What is data flow in networking? here It can be help full for engineering students. The static data flow testing process involves analyzing the source code without executing it. methods will help in ensuring this. Network flow diagrams are essential to understanding the environment that hosts sensitive data as well as risk mitigation and the enforcement of information security policies. Its important to step-through the flow of each process and identify where your customer information is being sent. Also, the sender will not send the next frame as it will wait for the acknowledgment for the previous frame which it had sent. When the receiver receives the first frame i.e. It also allows the sender to transmit more amount of data as feedback, or tell the sender about how the receiver is processing the data.. So, the window in the sender side Here there is no such a situation where the two devices can change their state. This can be understood with the example Private data networks can be created by provisioning the connections through a communications carrier or by using VPNs (virtual private networks) that reside on a master server. is a buffer where we store the frames. {Hacker Hour} Creating a Data Flow Diagram: {Webinar} Naughty or Nice - Which is Your Risk Assessment? More information is being stored, transmitted, and processed outside of your network than inside. Financial institutions are struggling to develop and even determine the importance of developing a Data Flow Diagram (DFD). A CPU(Central Processing Unit) and a Monitor .where a CPU can send the data to Monitor, but the Monitor can not submit the data to CUP. Have you recently been through an audit or exam and received a recommendation to develop Data Flow Diagrams? Keep in mind that the FFIEC CAT requirement for DFDs falls into Domain 4, which covers Vendor Management. Each cell is designated with a unique frequency (or set of frequencies) to avoid communication interference with other nearby cells. The sender will wait for this fixed amount of time for the acknowledgment and if the acknowledgment is not received then it will send the frame again. In this way, the window slides hence the name sliding window protocol. To control the flow of data (flow control) across communication links, two methods have been developed : Stop and Wait Protocol Sliding Window Protocol Stop-and-Wait Flow Control In this method, the sender waits for an acknowledgment after every frame it sends. Data communication involves the transmission of digital messages between devices including computers, smartphones, mobile devices, radios and more. Networks are specifically designed to enable the flow of data between two or more interconnected devices (Winkelman 1). And the big question here is this: do you know where your data is going once it leaves your network? Hacker Hour webinars are a series of free webinars hosted by SBS CyberSecurity. In Kahn process networks, named after Gilles Kahn, the processes are determinate. Translational switches can switch between various media access types. Tech moves fast! A personal area network (PAN) is a network that's designed to connect computers and devices within a user's personal workspace. Do share this blog with your friends to spread the knowledge. So, let's get started with the blog and learn more about flow control. Terms of Use - Attendees are encouraged to join the conversation and get their questions answered. We aim to be a site that isn't trying to be the first to break news stories, Data Flow is the way of transmitting data from a device to another. As we saw that the disadvantage of the stop and wait protocol is that the sender waits for the acknowledgment and during that time the sender is idle. Buses and networks are designed to allow communication to occur between individual devices that are interconnected. The new window contains the frame 1, 2, 3, 0. A satellite network is made up of one central hub and thousands of remote hubs designed to transmit weather data, voice and data to mobile devices, television, telecommunications, radio, navigation information, military surveillance and broadband internet service. 2Tp After every transmission, the sender has to wait for the acknowledgment and this time will increase the total transmission time. Then it sends an acknowledgment. The internet is the largest example of a WAN in existence. The answer is pretty simple: financial institutions are now more reliant than ever on vendors to perform day-to-day operations. Ifeither of these exercises left you confused and wondering what youre supposed to do next youre not alone. So in one unit of time, we can send 1/Td packets. Dataflow design is done through specialized software called dataflow diagrams (DFD) which are specially designed to graphically map how data is transmitted throughout a system. To fully understand what NetFlow is and why it's used for network monitoring, we first need to know what a flow is. This flow, however, becomes bidirectional when dealing with duplex communication, meaning that data can flow back and forth between the transmitter and receiver. Therefore, in Td+2Tp time we can send (Td+2Tp)/Td packets. I want to integrate it with spring cloud data-flow to view and manage it via data-flow. Network Aggregator Access to Anonymized Network Flow Data If an Internet2 Member that is a Network Connector or a Research and Education Network Member (each a "Network Aggregator") requests information about its own usage of the Internet2 Network, Anonymized Network Flow Data and the names of other Members may be included in the . So, if we send 1+2a packets then the efficiency is 1. frame 0. Service providers may charge a subscription fee before granting users access to authorized sections of the network to engage in several functions related to the transmission or retrieval of data. At any instance of time window will only contain the unacknowledged World Wide Technology. Today'sdata networks are a true feat of ingenuity -- ranging from simple single connections to incredibly complex systems of routers, switches and network hubs. we can consider two computers where two devices can send or receive data at a time .they don't have to wait for each other. I am a student of Computer Science and Engineering Department. | Vice President of Product Management. Simply ensure youre consistent in your approach and ensure its well grounded in solid risk assessment data (Business Impact Analysis / IT Risk Assessment). Through which entity or vendor does it pass? Senior Information Security Consultant Editorial Review Policy. SBS CyberSecurity, LLC. Network Flow Monitoring is the collection, analysis, and monitoring of traffic traversing a given network or network segment. In a network, the sender sends the data and the receiver receives the data. In full-duplex mode, both the transmitter and receiver work simultaneously. We will write a custom Essay on Computer Network: Data Flow and Protocol Layering specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page How does a data flow diagram work? Let a=Tp/Td. Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter! Advances and innovations in data networking technology have continually evolved the way data is transmitted and received. Monitoring network flow is key for having a clear understanding of the typical behavior and performance of your network and can help provide a better understanding of resource needs. The first frame is sent, then second and so on. The DTE includes any type of computer terminal, including PCs, as well as printers, hosts, front-end processors, multiplexers, and LAN interconnection devices such as routers. time the sender is waiting for the acknowledgment. For online Data services please visit https://www.xtechbuy.com/ image source Simplex What is Network Flow Monitoring? for the acknowledgment from the receiver. The traffic affects the health of the network. What Is The Simple Guide To Find An Attractive Data Entry Work. These features change the basic flow of data in a switched network, as the following sections explain. Hence, the total time required to send a frame is. Flow-control methods will help in ensuring this. The data traffic is made of data packets that are sent over the network. This mechanism makes the sender wait for an acknowledgment before sending the next data. In this kind of transmission medium, two devices can send or receive data but not at a time. A data network is a system of technologies and protocols designed to transmit data between two or more devices. In this blog, we will learn what is data encapsulation in the computer network. Flow Networks and Flows. Duplex communication can also function in full-duplex or half-duplex mode. Why would the requirement for a DFD fall into the Vendor Management category? SBS will also offer products and services to help financial institutions with these specific issues. Hence, efficiency would become very low. Flow networks is a graph used to model the systems described in the introduction. A MAN can be designed to span several buildings and typically covers a metropolitan area or campus. Dataflow is the movement of data through a system comprised of software, hardware or a combination of both. It can also help security teams detect the most sophisticated attacks . Join nearly 200,000 subscribers who receive actionable tech insights from Techopedia. If the distance between the sender and the receiver is large then the propagation delay would be more than the transmission delay. Here, the traffic is called a flow, which is transmitted across from the source node through the edges and nodes to the sink node. Data flow diagrams should identify: The Network Components and Topology section of the FFIEC Operations Handbook also discusses Network Diagrams, so no one should be faulted for incorrectly assuming their Network Diagram counted as a Data Flow Diagram. frames. Network flow records emerged as the most popular source of data for engineering and capacity planning, used for these purposes by 41% of the surveyed network infrastructure teams. To avoid any such situation there is a time-out timer. In this blog, we will learn what are the pieces of information hidden in the name of the network like 100BaseFX. below: Using sliding window protocol, the efficiency can be made maximum i.e. 2) $670,000 3) $710,000 1) None of the given . This server serves as the main repository for all data files used to facilitate business activities within the organization. A network flow diagram indicates the routes over which data travels, the internal and external nodes on which it is stored or processed, and the purpose of those nodes. Quoting directly from the Network Components and Topology section of the FFIEC Operations Handbook (2004): Management should also develop data flow diagrams to supplement its understanding of information flow within and between network segments as well as across the institution's perimeter to external parties. I am willing to show my skills and ability to write new blogs on my study and research topics A metropolitan area network (MAN) is designed and works essentially like a LAN -- but it covers a much larger area. then the frames are numbered from the number 0 to n-1. to the next frame and this window will now contain a new frame along with all the previous unacknowledged frames of the window. In Td units of time, we can send one packet. Thank You, North Western University, Khulna, Bangladesh. On the other side, Device-B can send the data the Devie-A can only win. There are two ways to control the flow of data: It is the simplest flow control method. What are the differences between each type of data network? View the full answer. Device-A can't accept, and device-B cannot send. Data flow enables information to transit from one device to another when they are interconnected. In a network, the sender sends the data and the receiver receives the data. what should be the number of packets such that the efficiency is maximum? Dataflow is the movement of data through a system comprised of software, hardware or a combination of both. So a deadlock situation can be created here. This mechanism makes the sender wait for an acknowledgment before sending the next data. I have a batch application that works as db to db, but it only works on my "local" computer. Supplement an institution'sunderstanding of information flow within and between network segments as well as across the institutions perimeter to external parties. When the receiver sends the acknowledgment of the frame then we need not store that frame in our window as it has already been received by the receiver. Flow Control Flow control tells the sender how much data should be sent to the receiver so that it is not lost. Data Flow It means the data is going to flow from one node to another node and there are three different types of data flows, they are flows simplex, half duplex, full duplex. Data sets and subsets shared between systems; Classification of data (public, private, confidential, or other) being transmitted.. It's a change that makes perfect sense, because network flow records provide clear and concise insight into network traffic patterns. The programmer can perform numerous tests on data values and variables. Suppose the size of the window is 4. Flow Control is classified into two categories: Feedback-based Flow Control: In this technique, the sender simply transmits the data to the receiver, then the receiver transmits data back to the sender. From nowadays we can give the position to this transmission procedure, 1. From the effort people give to transfer data this essential topic arises, the data flow the primary sight of data flow from a device to another there are few categories of transmitting data For companies with offices in different geographical locations, the network can be designed to include these disparate facilities as nodes on the network to allow communication and data transfer via a centralized server. In this kind of transmission, people can send data from one device to another .one device is used to assign data, and another device is used to receive data. In this blog, we will learn why we need a subnet mask, what is a subnet mask and how a subnet mask helps in identifying the network of the IP address. Stay ahead of the curve with Techopedia! Creating Data Flow Diagrams is a Baseline Cybersecurity Maturity control, meaning that all financial institutions are expected to have them. A data flow diagram (DFD) maps out the flow of information for any process or system. But suppose a situation where the sender is sending the data at a speed higher than the receiver is able to receive and process it, then the data will get lost. Once transmitted, the packets of data are reassembled after they arrive at the destination. 1) None of the given answers for this question are correct. Techopedia is a part of Janalta Interactive. | Contributor, Reviewer, By: Sally Vincent Where does your customer information go after the request is initiated? For doing this we the sender should be sending the data frame all the time i.e for Td+2Tp time. What Is a Data Network? A Data Flow Diagram should: Supplement an institution's understanding of information flow within and between network segments as well as across the institution's perimeter to external parties. Have you recently completed a Cybersecurity Assessment using the FFIECs Cybersecurity Assessment Tool (CAT) and noticed that the creation of Data Flow Diagrams is a CAT Domain 4: External Dependency Management requirement under the Assessment Factor of Connections? There are various classifications that you may encounter, including the following. We'll also see the types of Network Operating System, their advantages, and disadvantages. We will apply a simple unitary method to find this. To start, it's useful to learn about the top three. The way data is communicated and flows in networks can be classified into "simplex" or "duplex" communication. Flow routing is a network routing technology that takes variations in the flow of data into account to increase routing efficiency. Further, we will learn about supernetting, why it is done and how it is done. From the Starting of the era of computer science, people want to transfer data. The tool that can transmit data it can not accept the data .other side the device which is used for receiving can not send data. One of the most effective ways to begin creating a DFD is to look at your critical business processes, which you should (hopefully) have identified as a part of your Business Impact Analysis. Linked computers over a data network can communicate with each other and transfer files without the need for physical transfer media. Let's dive a bit deeper. Alocal area network (LAN) is a type of data network that uses switches, routers, cables and access points to enable the interconnection of devices and endpoints to internal/web servers within a limited area (such as a building or an office). NetFlow is a feature that was introduced on Cisco routers around 1996 that provides the ability to collect IP network traffic as it enters or exits an interface. Information and Communications Technology, BYOD Security: 6 Ways to Protect Mobile Devices, Social Engineering Attacks: 3 Strategies to Mitigate Risk, Predictive Maintenance: Ensuring Business Continuity with AI, 7 Sneaky Ways Hackers Can Get Your Facebook Password, Yann LeCun: How to Develop Autonomous Artificial Intelligence, 7 Women Leaders in AI, Machine Learning and Robotics. but instead help you better understand technology and we hope make better decisions as a result. for more content. Perhaps the largest benefit of using a data network is its ability to enable fast and seamless communication. 1. Techopedia Inc. - Techopedia is your go-to tech source for professional IT insight and inspiration. This means that resources such as the internet, storage medium and printers can be shared between two or more nodes. Identify data sets and subsets shared between systems Identify applications sharing data Highlight the classification of data being transmitted A data network can enable seamless collaboration between two geographically separated individuals or teams. This is how the flow of data is controlled using the above two mechanisms. By: Justin Stoltzfus Data networks consist of communication systems such as circuit switches, leased lines, and packet switching networks. | Threat Research Engineer, By: Alon Levin Network flow or traffic is the amount of data being transmitted across a network over a specific period. Subscribe to Techopedia for free. There are two basic types of data networks: private and public networks. TensorFlow can be used for a variety of tasks, including classification, prediction, and optimization. Typically, users require some type of access credential to make use of the network. By clicking sign up, you agree to receive emails from Techopedia and agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. There is a wide range of benefits to using data networks that are worth understanding before you begin to adopt this approach. The DCE, on the other hand, provides an interface between the DTE and the transmission channel (i.e., between the carrier's networks). What is Data flow Testing? This line of questioning will lead you to the DFD answers you seek. You can read more blogs from From the Starting of the era of computer science, people want to transfer data. In fact, a good DFD should help your institution have a much better understanding of where your data is actually going once it leaves your network and who is touching it along the way. A dataflow network is a network of concurrently executing processes or automata that can communicate by sending data over channels (see message passing .) It is an equivalent of netflow monitoring in the on-premise world. So, the frames would be numbered as 0,1,2,3,0,1,2,3,0, so on. It uses defined symbols like rectangles, circles and arrows, plus short text labels . We will also see the application and features of using pipelining in computer networks. there are Two devices one is Device-A, and the other is Device-B. Sounds simple, right? So, the. Hacker Hour: Review of 2022 Top Cybersecurity Threats, {OnCourse Learning Webinar} Anatomy of a Cyber Attack: Ransomware, Discussing National Cybersecurity Awareness Month with Rick and Laura. Solution: Calculation of cash flow from investing activities: Cash flow from investing activi . By clicking sign up, you agree to receive emails from Techopedia and agree to our Terms of Use & Privacy Policy. Flow control tells the sender how much data should be sent to the receiver so that it is not lost. Data Flow is the way of transmitting data from a device to another. A flow network is a directed graph given a G (V, E) with the following characteristics: Each edge has a capacity which is denoted by c e. VPC Flow logging lets you capture and log data about network traffic in your VPC. Flow-control TensorFlow allows developers to create data flow graphs, which are a series of mathematical operations, to easily build neural networks. The data message is broken down into discrete bits called packets, and these packets are then sent over a digital network that uses an optimal route to minimize lag in data networking speed. A sender can send n frames at a time. Privacy Policy - Data networks refer to systems designed to transfer data between two or more access points via the use of system controls, transmission lines and data switching. When the acknowledgement is received, only then the next frame is sent. Lets break DFDs down a little bit. In this blog, we will learn what is pipelining. The flow control method will keep a check that the senders send the data only at a speed that the receiver is able to receive and process. Hope you learned something new today. Written by: Cody Delzer Unlike paid webinars, Hacker Hours are aimed to meet on a monthly basis to discuss cybersecurity issues and trends in an open format. Copyright 2022 Each frame in a window is numbered. There are two directional flows in the network traffic, north-south, and east-west. How does it work? But suppose a situation where the sender is sending the data at a speed higher than the receiver is able to receive and process it, then the data will get lost. Here Device- A can send data, and Device -B can receive data at a Time. What makes a data network unique from other types of networks is that it is set up to transmit data only. Data changes format and sequence (within a file) as it moves from program to program . Suppose if any frame sent is not received by the receiver and is lost. Given the data in the following table, what was cash flow from investing activities for 2022? So what is a DFD? From the effort people give to transfer data this essential topic arises, the data flow the primary sight of data flow from a device to another there are few categories of transmitting data, there are three procedures of transferring data from a device to another, such as. In sliding window protocol we are using the propagation delay time also for the transmission. For the best WWT.com experience, please use one of our supported browsers. VPC Flow logging records information about the IP data going to and from designated network interfaces, storing this raw data in Amazon CloudWatch where it can be retrieved and viewed. Simplex Data Flow . Subscribe our newsletter to stay updated. Now, the sender starts transmitting the frames. Identified monitoring locations applying different . What is flow in the network? Those can be defined as one device to another or two devices can communicate in Simplex, Half-Duplex, or Full-Duplex. However, a DFD is a completely different requirement than a Network Diagram and serves a different, but very useful, purpose. Using a dataflow diagram is part of the dataflow modeling process. Identify data sets and subsets shared between systems, Highlight the classification of data being transmitted, The actors involved at different steps in a critical business process, as identified in your Business Impact Analysis (including people, technology, third parties), Whether or not that actor stores, transmits, or processes customer information, The points at which customer information enters or exits the institutions network perimeter, How the information flows between each actor through the course of the business process, Help you understand where your customer information is flowing across the institution's perimeter to external parties (notably absent here are network segment flows; feel free to add those if youd like, but one could argue they are covered in Network Diagrams), Identify to which external parties customer information (the data set discussed above) is being transmitted, Identify applications, systems, and vendors sharing your customer information. This can be understood by the diagram below. There are typically numerous ways to initiate a wire transfer, whether it be in-person, over the phone, via email, or through a business online banking platform. time and for the rest A Here, Device -A can Send data, and Device -B can receive data. Beyond private and public categories, data networks can also be classified based on size, physical architecture and coverage area. For example, if part of a network is Token Ring and the other part is Ethernet, you can use a translational switch to connect the two network segments. Generally, data networks are defined by their ability to transmit signals via packet switching. Until then, the sender will The dataflow diagram is important in the architectural design of a system since it defines what kind of data is needed in order to start or complete a specific process. Enjoyed this article? Does a. Start by creating Data Flow Diagram(s) that depict: Following this model your Data Flow Diagram(s) will: There you have it! Td A public network is set up using multiple servers, communication protocols and cell towers to transmit data over broad distances. If the window size is Full-Duplex (Full transmission Medium) - Transmision between Two Computer or laptops, 2.Half-Duplex(Half Transmission Medium)- Transmission between two wireless Device, 3.Simplex(Simple transmission Medium)- Transmission Between Computer and monitor, this is the necessary discussion of data flow. Cyber-RISK: FFIEC Cybersecurity Assessment, Need help now? The dataflow diagram is important in the architectural design of a system since it defines what kind of data is needed in order to start or complete a specific process. In simplex communication, data only flows in one direction -- from the transmitter to the receiver. If the destination host is present in a different network then the packet is delivered to the default gateway first which in turn delivers the packet to the destination host. (1) The path of data from source document to data entry to processing to final reports. View Full Term. The flow of the material at any mark in the system is the rate at which the element moves. two wireless devices can communicate with each other, but when a device is sending another device can not submit the data as well .when a device is sending, others have to receive. 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