Vertical fracture through the distal tibial epiphysis (Salter-Harris III) with a horizontal extension through the lateral aspect of the physis. Smith fractures, also known as Goyrand fractures in the French literature 3, are fractures of the distal radius with associated volar angulation of the distal fracture fragment(s). Pathology. scapular fracture; clavicle fracture; distal radial fracture (especially Colles fracture) Treatment and prognosis. Trimalleolar fractures refer to a three-part fracture of the ankle. The term "hangman fracture" was introduced by Schneider in 1965 5. Fracture of the coronoid process is thought to result from elbow hyperextension with either avulsion of the brachialis tendon insertion or shearing off by the trochlea 1.. They may represent an isolated tendinous injury or occur in combination with an avulsion fracture of the dorsal base of the distal phalanx. Insufficiency fractures are a type of stress fracture, which are the result of normal stresses on abnormal bone. Gross anatomy. Lisfranc injuries, also called Lisfranc fracture-dislocations, are the most common type of dislocation involving the foot and correspond to the dislocation of the articulation of the tarsus with the metatarsal bases. Calcaneal fracture. It was originally described as a four-part fracture with double fractures through the anterior and posterior arches, but three-part and two-part fractures have also been described. In reality, the majority of fractures that involve the physis have at least a small fragment of metaphysis associated with them and are therefore type II injuries. Vertical fracture through the distal tibial epiphysis (Salter-Harris III) with a horizontal extension through the lateral aspect of the physis. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture or tibial eminence avulsion fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the knee. They should not be confused with fatigue fractures which are due to abnormal stresses on normal bone, or with pathological fractures, the result of diseased, weakened bone due to focal pathology such as Practical points. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures are a type of avulsion fracture of the knee that represent the most common isolated PCL lesion. Epidemiology Fractures in these regions can be classified as: intertrochanteric fracture; pertrochanteric: intertrochanteric, involving both trochanters; subtrochanteric fracture; greater trochanteric avulsion fracture Smith fractures, also known as Goyrand fractures in the French literature 3, are fractures of the distal radius with associated volar angulation of the distal fracture fragment(s). type I: avulsion of anterior glenoid margin; type II: transverse or oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting inferiorly; type III: oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting superiorly and associated with acromioclavicular joint injury; type IV: transverse fracture exiting through the medial scapular border The lack of a metaphyseal fracture component in the coronal plane (evaluated with lateral x-ray or CT) distinguishes a Tillaux fracture from a triplanar fracture. Lisfranc injuries, also called Lisfranc fracture-dislocations, are the most common type of dislocation involving the foot and correspond to the dislocation of the articulation of the tarsus with the metatarsal bases. Associations The term is sometimes used to describe intra-articular fractures with Terminology. Dorsal avulsion fracture. These type of fractures are more common in children, especially aged 5-10 years, due to the elasticity of their bones. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture or tibial eminence avulsion fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the knee. Salter-Harris type I fractures describe a fracture that is completely contained within the physis. Pathology Nasal bone fractures, when isolated, are most commonly displaced fractures of one of the paired nasal bones. In reality, the majority of fractures that involve the physis have at least a small fragment of metaphysis associated with them and are therefore type II injuries. For example, someone who lives alone may not be able to do so without the use of one arm. Pathology Nasal bone fractures, when isolated, are most commonly displaced fractures of one of the paired nasal bones. Trimalleolar fractures refer to a three-part fracture of the ankle. extra-articular lover fracture (or Casanova fracture) A Hill-Sachs defect is the terminology of preference over other terms, such as Hill-Sachs lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures 14.. Repeat dislocations lead to larger defects, which can result in an "engaging" Hill-Sachs defect, which engages the anterior glenoid when the shoulder is abducted and externally rotated 4 (see article: on-track and off-track shoulder The complex of the medial collateral ligaments of the ankle joint is collectively called deltoid ligament.It attaches the medial malleolus to multiple tarsal bones. Anderson and D'Alonzo Phalanx fractures are common injuries, although less common than metacarpal fractures. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource base of 5 th metatarsal fracture. transverse fracture 1.5-2 cm from tip of proximal tuberosity. They should not be confused with fatigue fractures which are due to abnormal stresses on normal bone, or with pathological fractures, the result of diseased, weakened bone due to focal pathology such as Examples of soft tissue injuries include: vascular On plain film, dorsal avulsion injuries are best detected on a lateral projection, where typically an avulsed flake of bone is identified lying posteriorly to the triquetral bone (see pooping duck sign). Coronoid process fractures have been classified into three types within the Regan and Morrey classification system 1:. Almost invariably, if the fracture involves a paranasal sinus, middle ear or mastoid air cells, then they will contain some blood, which is a helpful clue to the presence of an underlying fracture. Common symptoms include tenderness and swelling at the site of injury and the top of your foot. There are two classification systems 5,6. extra-articular lover fracture (or Casanova fracture) Classification. The complex of the medial collateral ligaments of the ankle joint is collectively called deltoid ligament.It attaches the medial malleolus to multiple tarsal bones. Epidemiology. more: Jones fracture. Most authors regard it as a type 4 Salter-Harris fracture. Barton fractures are fractures of the distal radius.It is also sometimes termed the dorsal type Barton fracture to distinguish it from the volar type or reverse Barton fracture.. Barton fractures extend through the dorsal aspect to the articular surface but not to the volar aspect. CT or MR may be more sensitive than conventional radiographs for detection of avulsion injuries. They have different prognosis and treatment depending on the location of the fracture. ACEP Now April 14, 2020, This page was last edited 19:56, 12 January 2021 by, http://radiopaedia.org/articles/weber_ankle_fracture_classification, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=12595378, https://www.acepnow.com/article/tips-for-managing-weber-b-ankle-fractures/?singlepage=1, https://www.wikem.org/w/index.php?title=Ankle_fracture&oldid=292390, Examine for ecchymoses, abrasions, or swelling, 4 sensation distributions: saphenous nerve (medial mal), superficial fib (lat mal), sural nerve (lateral 5th digit), deep fib (1st web space), Note skin integrity and areas of tenderness or crepitus over ankle, Range joint passively and actively to evaluate for stability, Perform anterior drawer test (positive exam suggests torn ATFL), Perform a crossed-leg test to detect syndesmotic injury, Palpate midfoot and base of 5th metatarsal for tenderness, AP: Best for isolated lateral and medial malleolar fractures, Best for evaluating for unstable fracture or soft tissue injury, At a point 1 cm proximal to tibial plafond space between tib/fib should be 6mm, Lateral: Best for posterior malleolar fractures, Consider proximal tib/fib films and talus fractures, System based on level of the fibular fracture and characterizes stability of fracture, Tibial plafond and the two malleoli is referred to as the ankle "mortise" (or talar mortise), Fibula fracture below ankle joint/distal to plafond, Usually stable: occasionally requires ORIF, Fibula fracture at the level of the ankle joint/at the plafond, Can extend superiorly and laterally up fibula, Tibiofibular syndesmosis intact or only partially torn, No widening of the distal tibiofibular articulation, Use gravity or weight bearing stress X-rays to determine stability, Fibula fracture above the level of the ankle joint/proximal to plafond, Tibiofibular syndesmosis disrupted with widening of the distal tibiofibular articulation, Neurovascular compromise from fracture requires emergent reduction and/or orthopedic intervention, Stable, nondisplaced, isolated malleolar fracture: Splint or cast, early wt bearing, RICE, Unstable or displaced fracture: Requires ORIF, ortho consult, reduce and splint, If stable (see Weber classification) treat like severe, Signs of medial (deltoid) ligament disruption such as medial swelling, ecchymosis, or TTP, Widening of medial clear space (suggests deltoid ligament injury), Immediate reduction or ortho consult in ED. transverse fracture 1.5-2 cm from tip of proximal tuberosity. The Salter-Harris classification was proposed by Salter and Harris in 1963 1 and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most widely used system for describing physeal fractures.. Having three parts, this is a more unstable fracture and may be associated with ligamentous injury. Pathology Mechanism. In addition to reporting the presence of the fracture a number of features should be sought and in many instances commented upon as relevant negatives: This typically involves separation of the tibial attachment of the ACL to variable degrees. type 1: avulsion of the tip of the coronoid process Spinal fractures are usually the result of significant trauma to a normally formed skeleton or the result of trauma to a weakened spinal column. fracture through the physis This page is for adult patients. Sternal fractures occur in ~5% of blunt chest trauma with the manubrium being the most commonly injured part. Smith fractures, also known as Goyrand fractures in the French literature 3, are fractures of the distal radius with associated volar angulation of the distal fracture fragment(s). high risk of nonunion. When a fracture is identified, a careful search for adjacent soft tissue injury should be undertaken. Lisfranc injuries, also called Lisfranc fracture-dislocations, are the most common type of dislocation involving the foot and correspond to the dislocation of the articulation of the tarsus with the metatarsal bases. Both the end of the fibula (1) and the tibia (2) are broken and the malleolar fragments (arrow: medial malleolus, arrowhead: lateral malleolus) are displaced. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource They are distinct from a lateral condyle fracture which is a very different fracture despite the similar name. This typically involves separation of the tibial attachment of the ACL to variable degrees. A Hill-Sachs defect is the terminology of preference over other terms, such as Hill-Sachs lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures 14.. Repeat dislocations lead to larger defects, which can result in an "engaging" Hill-Sachs defect, which engages the anterior glenoid when the shoulder is abducted and externally rotated 4 (see article: on-track and off-track shoulder Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource Jefferson fracture is the eponymous name given to a burst fracture of the atlas. Examples include: Jefferson fracture: ring fracture of C1; hangman fracture: bilateral pedicle or pars fracture of C2; dens fracture; flexion teardrop fracture: unstable flexion fracture; extension teardrop fracture: stable injury The fracture complex results from a direct blow to the malar eminence and results in three distinct fracture components that disrupt the anchoring of the zygoma. Pathology Nasal bone fractures, when isolated, are most commonly displaced fractures of one of the paired nasal bones. Looser zones are also a type of insufficiency fracture. There is no associated bone fragment. There is no associated bone fragment. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures are a type of avulsion fracture of the knee that represent the most common isolated PCL lesion. Males are affected more commonly than females with a median age of injury of 56 years. Terminology. They may represent an isolated tendinous injury or occur in combination with an avulsion fracture of the dorsal base of the distal phalanx. Epidemiology Symptoms of a Lisfranc fracture depend on the severity of the injury. For example, someone who lives alone may not be able to do so without the use of one arm. The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. It is also known as backfire fracture or lorry driver fracture 1. Classification. In addition to reporting the presence of the fracture a number of features should be sought and in many instances commented upon as relevant negatives: Pathology Mechanism. As a historical note, there are four methods of judicial hanging, and the process is more complicated than may be evident at first glance. As the physiological closure of the physeal plate begins medially, the lateral (open) physis is prone to this type of fracture. They may represent an isolated tendinous injury or occur in combination with an avulsion fracture of the dorsal base of the distal phalanx. Gross anatomy. forced inversion of plantarflexed foot. It is also known as backfire fracture or lorry driver fracture 1. Mallet finger refers to injuries of the extensor mechanism of the finger at the level of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP).They are the most prevalent finger tendon injury in sport. Epidemiology Insufficiency fractures are a type of stress fracture, which are the result of normal stresses on abnormal bone. For example, someone who lives alone may not be able to do so without the use of one arm. Vertical fracture through the distal tibial epiphysis (Salter-Harris III) with a horizontal extension through the lateral aspect of the physis. Jones fracture. On plain film, dorsal avulsion injuries are best detected on a lateral projection, where typically an avulsed flake of bone is identified lying posteriorly to the triquetral bone (see pooping duck sign). The Salter-Harris classification was proposed by Salter and Harris in 1963 1 and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most widely used system for describing physeal fractures.. The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. It comprises of: a vertical fracture through the epiphysis; a horizontal fracture through the physis; an oblique fracture through the metaphysis It was originally described as a four-part fracture with double fractures through the anterior and posterior arches, but three-part and two-part fractures have also been described. The term "hangman fracture" was introduced by Schneider in 1965 5. Classically, these fractures are extra-articular transverse fractures and can be thought of as a reverse Colles fracture.. On plain film, dorsal avulsion injuries are best detected on a lateral projection, where typically an avulsed flake of bone is identified lying posteriorly to the triquetral bone (see pooping duck sign). Classification. Looser zones are also a type of insufficiency fracture. Anderson and D'Alonzo Most authors regard it as a type 4 Salter-Harris fracture. Males are affected more commonly than females with a median age of injury of 56 years. Fracture of the coronoid process is thought to result from elbow hyperextension with either avulsion of the brachialis tendon insertion or shearing off by the trochlea 1.. It is also known as backfire fracture or lorry driver fracture 1. intra-articular glenoid fracture. The ligament is composed of two layers. The term is sometimes used to describe intra-articular fractures with In addition to reporting the presence of the fracture a number of features should be sought and in many instances commented upon as relevant negatives: Coronoid process fractures have been classified into three types within the Regan and Morrey classification system 1:. Pathology Mechanism. Sternal fractures occur in ~5% of blunt chest trauma with the manubrium being the most commonly injured part. Cervical spine fractures can occur secondary to exaggerated flexion or extension, or because of direct trauma or axial loading.. Intimate partner violence should be considered in patients where the clinical details do not match the fracture, or the injury occurs in an intimate setting 7. They are distinct from a lateral condyle fracture which is a very different fracture despite the similar name. Phalanx fractures are common injuries, although less common than metacarpal fractures. base of 5 th metatarsal fracture. A trochanteric fracture is a fracture involving the greater and/or lesser trochanters of the femur.. Practical points. Management depends not only on the type of fracture but also importantly on the functional status and living situation of the patient. Cervical spine fractures can occur secondary to exaggerated flexion or extension, or because of direct trauma or axial loading.. The ligament is composed of two layers. As the physiological closure of the physeal plate begins medially, the lateral (open) physis is prone to this type of fracture. Symptoms of a Lisfranc fracture depend on the severity of the injury. Rarely, a torus fracture may refer to the fracture of an oral torus, and there is potential for the two terms to be confused 10. transverse fracture through diaphysis. Classification. Almost invariably, if the fracture involves a paranasal sinus, middle ear or mastoid air cells, then they will contain some blood, which is a helpful clue to the presence of an underlying fracture. Plain radiograph. Both the end of the fibula (1) and the tibia (2) are broken and the malleolar fragments (arrow: medial malleolus, arrowhead: lateral malleolus) are displaced. Examples of soft tissue injuries include: vascular Fractures in these regions can be classified as: intertrochanteric fracture; pertrochanteric: intertrochanteric, involving both trochanters; subtrochanteric fracture; greater trochanteric avulsion fracture It is interesting to note that the word chauffeur comes from the French for "someone who warms" the car engine. Dorsal avulsion fracture. fracture may arise as proximally as the level of fibular neck and not visualized on ankle films, requiring knee or full-length tibia-fibula radiographs (Maisonneuve fracture) unstable: usually requires ORIF; Weber C fractures can be further subclassified as 6. Classification. type 1: avulsion of the tip of the coronoid process intra-articular glenoid fracture. Rarely, a torus fracture may refer to the fracture of an oral torus, and there is potential for the two terms to be confused 10. Treatment and prognosis more: Jones fracture. forced inversion of plantarflexed foot. Management depends not only on the type of fracture but also importantly on the functional status and living situation of the patient. Falls, motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian accidents, cycling and diving are common causes of injury 6,7. Classification. Gaillard F, Lustosa L, Murphy A, et al. There is no associated bone fragment. Strictly speaking, the fracture is misnamed and should more correctly be called "hangee" fracture. Gross anatomy. Classification. As a historical note, there are four methods of judicial hanging, and the process is more complicated than may be evident at first glance. Pathology. Lateral malleolar fracture with deltoid injury OR bimalleolar OR trimalleolar fracture Bimalleolar fracture and right ankle dislocation on X-ray (anteroposterior). Gaillard F, Lustosa L, Murphy A, et al. Pathology. high risk of nonunion. Practical points Trimalleolar fractures refer to a three-part fracture of the ankle. Calcaneal fracture. Classification. The Salter-Harris classification was proposed by Salter and Harris in 1963 1 and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most widely used system for describing physeal fractures.. Lisfranc injury. Classification. scapular fracture; clavicle fracture; distal radial fracture (especially Colles fracture) Treatment and prognosis. Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. Jefferson fracture is the eponymous name given to a burst fracture of the atlas. A Hill-Sachs defect is the terminology of preference over other terms, such as Hill-Sachs lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures 14.. Repeat dislocations lead to larger defects, which can result in an "engaging" Hill-Sachs defect, which engages the anterior glenoid when the shoulder is abducted and externally rotated 4 (see article: on-track and off-track shoulder Having three parts, this is a more unstable fracture and may be associated with ligamentous injury. transverse fracture through diaphysis. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource forced inversion of plantarflexed foot. The term "hangman fracture" was introduced by Schneider in 1965 5. Gaillard F, Lustosa L, Murphy A, et al. Common symptoms include tenderness and swelling at the site of injury and the top of your foot. Practical points. scapular fracture; clavicle fracture; distal radial fracture (especially Colles fracture) Treatment and prognosis. Plain radiograph. The lack of a metaphyseal fracture component in the coronal plane (evaluated with lateral x-ray or CT) distinguishes a Tillaux fracture from a triplanar fracture. Spinal fractures are usually the result of significant trauma to a normally formed skeleton or the result of trauma to a weakened spinal column. Epidemiology Fractures of the sternum are seen in between 3-6.8% of all motor vehicle collisions 1. Fracture of the coronoid process is thought to result from elbow hyperextension with either avulsion of the brachialis tendon insertion or shearing off by the trochlea 1.. high risk of nonunion. These type of fractures are more common in children, especially aged 5-10 years, due to the elasticity of their bones. type I: avulsion of anterior glenoid margin; type II: transverse or oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting inferiorly; type III: oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting superiorly and associated with acromioclavicular joint injury; type IV: transverse fracture exiting through the medial scapular border Lisfranc injury. Classification. Falls, motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian accidents, cycling and diving are common causes of injury 6,7. These fractures are avulsion fractions of the ossification center of the lateral condyle, and as such are sometimes referred to as a lateral epicondyle avulsion fracture; either term is acceptable. Dorsal avulsion fracture. Associations more: Jones fracture. Practical points As a historical note, there are four methods of judicial hanging, and the process is more complicated than may be evident at first glance. As the physiological closure of the physeal plate begins medially, the lateral (open) physis is prone to this type of fracture. Classically, these fractures are extra-articular transverse fractures and can be thought of as a reverse Colles fracture.. Jefferson fracture is the eponymous name given to a burst fracture of the atlas. Epidemiology. Coronoid process fractures have been classified into three types within the Regan and Morrey classification system 1:. Classification. The fracture complex results from a direct blow to the malar eminence and results in three distinct fracture components that disrupt the anchoring of the zygoma. Cervical spine fractures can occur secondary to exaggerated flexion or extension, or because of direct trauma or axial loading.. Salter-Harris type I fractures describe a fracture that is completely contained within the physis. The fracture complex results from a direct blow to the malar eminence and results in three distinct fracture components that disrupt the anchoring of the zygoma. type I: avulsion of anterior glenoid margin; type II: transverse or oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting inferiorly; type III: oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting superiorly and associated with acromioclavicular joint injury; type IV: transverse fracture exiting through the medial scapular border fracture through the physis extra-articular lover fracture (or Casanova fracture) When a fracture is identified, a careful search for adjacent soft tissue injury should be undertaken. Classically, these fractures are extra-articular transverse fractures and can be thought of as a reverse Colles fracture.. Lateral malleolar fracture with deltoid injury OR bimalleolar OR trimalleolar fracture Bimalleolar fracture and right ankle dislocation on X-ray (anteroposterior). Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture or tibial eminence avulsion fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the knee. Practical points Terminology. Conveniently the Salter-Harris types can be remembered by the mnemonic SALTR.. type I. slipped; 5-7%; fracture plane passes all the way through the growth Epidemiology. The superficial layer has variable attachments and crosses two joints while the deep layer has talar attachments and crosses one joint: Barton fractures are fractures of the distal radius.It is also sometimes termed the dorsal type Barton fracture to distinguish it from the volar type or reverse Barton fracture.. Barton fractures extend through the dorsal aspect to the articular surface but not to the volar aspect. Check out the new My Emergency Department app - a single source of truth for all your ED team's guidelines, policies and education content. They have different prognosis and treatment depending on the location of the fracture. Barton fractures are fractures of the distal radius.It is also sometimes termed the dorsal type Barton fracture to distinguish it from the volar type or reverse Barton fracture.. Barton fractures extend through the dorsal aspect to the articular surface but not to the volar aspect. These fractures are avulsion fractions of the ossification center of the lateral condyle, and as such are sometimes referred to as a lateral epicondyle avulsion fracture; either term is acceptable. There are two classification systems 5,6. Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. transverse fracture 1.5-2 cm from tip of proximal tuberosity. Intimate partner violence should be considered in patients where the clinical details do not match the fracture, or the injury occurs in an intimate setting 7. fracture may arise as proximally as the level of fibular neck and not visualized on ankle films, requiring knee or full-length tibia-fibula radiographs (Maisonneuve fracture) unstable: usually requires ORIF; Weber C fractures can be further subclassified as 6. Calcaneal fracture. calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture. Epidemiology. Lisfranc injury. They are distinct from a lateral condyle fracture which is a very different fracture despite the similar name. Phalanx fractures are common injuries, although less common than metacarpal fractures. Looser zones are also a type of insufficiency fracture. Classification. Strictly speaking, the fracture is misnamed and should more correctly be called "hangee" fracture. They have different prognosis and treatment depending on the location of the fracture. There are two classification systems 5,6. Rarely, a torus fracture may refer to the fracture of an oral torus, and there is potential for the two terms to be confused 10. intra-articular glenoid fracture. Lateral malleolar fracture with deltoid injury OR bimalleolar OR trimalleolar fracture Bimalleolar fracture and right ankle dislocation on X-ray (anteroposterior). type 1: avulsion of the tip of the coronoid process The term is sometimes used to describe intra-articular fractures with The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. Examples include: Jefferson fracture: ring fracture of C1; hangman fracture: bilateral pedicle or pars fracture of C2; dens fracture; flexion teardrop fracture: unstable flexion fracture; extension teardrop fracture: stable injury Symptoms of a Lisfranc fracture depend on the severity of the injury. Classification. CT or MR may be more sensitive than conventional radiographs for detection of avulsion injuries. Conveniently the Salter-Harris types can be remembered by the mnemonic SALTR.. type I. slipped; 5-7%; fracture plane passes all the way through the growth Conveniently the Salter-Harris types can be remembered by the mnemonic SALTR.. type I. slipped; 5-7%; fracture plane passes all the way through the growth Both the end of the fibula (1) and the tibia (2) are broken and the malleolar fragments (arrow: medial malleolus, arrowhead: lateral malleolus) are displaced. Anderson and D'Alonzo Management depends not only on the type of fracture but also importantly on the functional status and living situation of the patient. It comprises of: a vertical fracture through the epiphysis; a horizontal fracture through the physis; an oblique fracture through the metaphysis Strictly speaking, the fracture is misnamed and should more correctly be called "hangee" fracture. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource When a fracture is identified, a careful search for adjacent soft tissue injury should be undertaken. Differential diagnosis fracture may arise as proximally as the level of fibular neck and not visualized on ankle films, requiring knee or full-length tibia-fibula radiographs (Maisonneuve fracture) unstable: usually requires ORIF; Weber C fractures can be further subclassified as 6. It was originally described as a four-part fracture with double fractures through the anterior and posterior arches, but three-part and two-part fractures have also been described. Falls, motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian accidents, cycling and diving are common causes of injury 6,7. These type of fractures are more common in children, especially aged 5-10 years, due to the elasticity of their bones. Most authors regard it as a type 4 Salter-Harris fracture. The complex of the medial collateral ligaments of the ankle joint is collectively called deltoid ligament.It attaches the medial malleolus to multiple tarsal bones. Salter-Harris type I fractures describe a fracture that is completely contained within the physis. It is interesting to note that the word chauffeur comes from the French for "someone who warms" the car engine. Treatment and prognosis Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. Associations It comprises of: a vertical fracture through the epiphysis; a horizontal fracture through the physis; an oblique fracture through the metaphysis In reality, the majority of fractures that involve the physis have at least a small fragment of metaphysis associated with them and are therefore type II injuries. Insufficiency fractures are a type of stress fracture, which are the result of normal stresses on abnormal bone. Epidemiology Fractures of the sternum are seen in between 3-6.8% of all motor vehicle collisions 1. Mallet finger refers to injuries of the extensor mechanism of the finger at the level of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP).They are the most prevalent finger tendon injury in sport. The fractures involve the medial malleolus, the posterior aspect of the tibial plafond (referred to as the posterior malleolus) and the lateral malleolus. The superficial layer has variable attachments and crosses two joints while the deep layer has talar attachments and crosses one joint: The fractures involve the medial malleolus, the posterior aspect of the tibial plafond (referred to as the posterior malleolus) and the lateral malleolus. Almost invariably, if the fracture involves a paranasal sinus, middle ear or mastoid air cells, then they will contain some blood, which is a helpful clue to the presence of an underlying fracture. Sternal fractures occur in ~5% of blunt chest trauma with the manubrium being the most commonly injured part. A trochanteric fracture is a fracture involving the greater and/or lesser trochanters of the femur.. base of 5 th metatarsal fracture. Jones fracture. For pediatric patients, see: ankle fracture (peds), Isolated medial or posterior malleolar fracture, Lateral malleolar fracture with deltoid injury OR bimalleolar OR trimalleolar fracture, Tips for Managing Weber B Ankle Fractures By Joseph Noack, MD; and Spencer Tomberg, MD. Mallet finger refers to injuries of the extensor mechanism of the finger at the level of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP).They are the most prevalent finger tendon injury in sport. calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture. Epidemiology Fractures of the sternum are seen in between 3-6.8% of all motor vehicle collisions 1. Differential diagnosis A trochanteric fracture is a fracture involving the greater and/or lesser trochanters of the femur.. They should not be confused with fatigue fractures which are due to abnormal stresses on normal bone, or with pathological fractures, the result of diseased, weakened bone due to focal pathology such as Males are affected more commonly than females with a median age of injury of 56 years. Common symptoms include tenderness and swelling at the site of injury and the top of your foot. Classification. Classification. These fractures are avulsion fractions of the ossification center of the lateral condyle, and as such are sometimes referred to as a lateral epicondyle avulsion fracture; either term is acceptable. Epidemiology. The lack of a metaphyseal fracture component in the coronal plane (evaluated with lateral x-ray or CT) distinguishes a Tillaux fracture from a triplanar fracture. Spinal fractures are usually the result of significant trauma to a normally formed skeleton or the result of trauma to a weakened spinal column. Examples of soft tissue injuries include: vascular Fractures in these regions can be classified as: intertrochanteric fracture; pertrochanteric: intertrochanteric, involving both trochanters; subtrochanteric fracture; greater trochanteric avulsion fracture fracture through the physis CT or MR may be more sensitive than conventional radiographs for detection of avulsion injuries. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture. Plain radiograph. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures are a type of avulsion fracture of the knee that represent the most common isolated PCL lesion. Differential diagnosis Epidemiology. The ligament is composed of two layers. The fractures involve the medial malleolus, the posterior aspect of the tibial plafond (referred to as the posterior malleolus) and the lateral malleolus. Having three parts, this is a more unstable fracture and may be associated with ligamentous injury. 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