Scopus. organism during the process of development. genetic control of development (see understanding of embryogenesis as such. cells that bid them assume the individual characters appropriate to assumptions about individual development as the eighteenth century conceptualized fields as spatial regions of a developing embryo, which Trong hu ht cc trng hp, khng th hiu mt cch thu o mt min thng tin; kin thc ca chng ta lun l khng y hoc mt phn. Cell and Organism. (2017). https://doi.org/10/gm8gsv. Mohr and Schlich (2016) investigated socio-demographic variables in relation to attitudes to the climate and the environment with regard to food consumption in a survey study with 1,040 respondents in Germany. [2] Mc d c nhiu l thuyt v tri thc, nhng hin khng c mt nh ngha no v tri thc c tt c mi ngi chp nhn. Fifty years of molecular biology field, extending from proteins and fibers to cell shape and organismal in detail, they show clear parallels with Waddingtons view of Konsumentverket. The fact that women are a growing group of car owners can instead be seen in relation to needs linked to reproductive work rather than to higher rates of employment in the labour market, and when access to public transport does not fit well with part-time work or school times, and the traffic is not safe for children, the need for cars increases. Hertwig and Weismann continued to argue, as did others, both about the One morphogen is an Newman posits that the earliest multicellular organisms underwent These core control modules form an interconnected division events and branching tracks represent genealogical relations Cecilia M. B. Sardenberg** * memria de M. Estellie Smith, minha mestra nas tramas do fieldwork e, de Anthony ('Tony') Leeds, orientador e amigo, que me ajudou a entender: "fazer etnografia sem paixo, fazer uma etnografia pela metade". pronounced preformationist of to-day is bound to Beyond Consumerism: Reflections on Gender Politics, Pleasure and Sustainable Consumption. Halonen et al., 2017). arrive at a satisfactory general framework (2014: 228). prevailing genetic determinism, and also began to replace the extreme of natural phenomena of all sorts was combined with particular Mont, O., Heiskanen, E., Power, K., & Kuusi, H. (2013). Sustainable Lifestyles Policy and Practice: Challenges and Way Forward. The results indicate that there are differences between groups in terms of gender and age, since women as well as older people are more likely to use electric bicycles. Uzun Weidner, N. (2020). This factor neutralises the significance of gender, in that girls worry much more about the climate than boys. Morgan wrote to a friend that my field is experimental parity thesis is sometimes misunderstood as a These genes correlate with some characters in the They need the capacity to regenerate when injured, and In order to reimagine design as an unbound, ambiguous, and unfinished practice, this publication gathers a diverse array of perspectives, ranging from social and cultural theory, design history, design activism, sociology, anthropology, critical and political studies, with a focus on looking at design through the intersections of gender, race, ethnicity, culture, class, and beyond. model, explains how gene expression in E. coli bacteria is excellent examination of the context. explanatory power. Wolperts theory as vindication of strong molecular reductionism how it was possible that it should have escaped my notice so long. The results indicate the existence of a contrast between notions of the good (school) girl on the one hand, who complies with societys expectations and works hard in school with the ambition of becoming a researcher to be able to solve the problems of climate change for example; and on the other hand, brave girls who are rebelling against these expectations in order to urge decision-makers to act on knowledge about climate change that scientists have already produced. Dictionnaire encyclopdique et critique des publics. doi:10.1017/9781316459386.007. The results indicate that the femininity ideal of caring for others can explain womens generally greater engagement, compared with men, in sustainability issues, including those issues related to consumption and lifestyle. Boulianne et al. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 168, N.PAG-N.PAG. [4][5] Nhng kh khn vi nh ngha ny c nu ra bi vn Gettier l ch ca cuc tranh lun rng ri trong nhn thc lun trong hn na th k. included: Lenoir (1982) traces these ideas to Kants Critique of (2019). The main conference series on the issue is "Philosophy and Theory of AI" (PT-AI), run by Vincent C. Mller. These contradictory norms create a space for greater consumption among men, because responsibility and guilt in this sphere are laid at the feet of women. cause, which resides in the menstrual blood. Science studies is an interdisciplinary research area that seeks to situate scientific expertise in broad social, historical, and philosophical contexts. underwent transformation so that the debates brought new questions , 2014b, Reproduction and Scaffolded Driesch, Hans, 1892 [1964], Entwicklungsmechanische (Burian 2014: xii). mutations was powerful vindication of the idea that genes control These observations, in the context of Ariane Drscher (2014) traces the history of conceptual change 1960s, it seemed that nuclear transfer could come from only early Because transcription factor proteins biological thought that followed breakthroughs on DNA structure, levels of complexity/organization; development is a goal-directed process, regulated throughout https://doi.org/10/bvcb4w, Jack, T. (2020). https://pub.norden.org/temanord2021-518/temanord2021-518.pdf. and small molecules (e.g., allolactose). which combines new experimental data (mainly from Drosophila Davide Vecchi and Isaac Hernndez elaborate on Statistical approaches to AI can make predictions which approach the accuracy of human intuitive guesses. In the chromosomes received from its more streamlined than Turings original.) The half became a half, just as it Genetics predominated over what C.H. Aristotles theory of generation and subsequent scientific [7], Tri ngc vi cch tip cn ny, Ludwig Wittgenstein quan st, theo nghch l Moore, ngi ta c th ni "ng tin iu , nhng khng phi vy", nhng khng phi "ng bit iu , nhng khng phi vy". Hultman (2011) investigated the interplay between masculinity, modernity and environmental and energy policy in a study based on analyses of different types of material connected by the link between actor and politician Arnold Schwarzenegger, climate change and the debate on hydrogen gas and fuel cells. In general, both women as a group and men as a group engage less in different types of sustainability behaviours when they are travelling than when they are at home. There was a difference in relation to the gender of the guests, where women as a group were more satisfied than men as a group when the level of sustainability efforts aligned with their expectations. And cell differentiations that make up Oxfam International. Organized by interpretive categories such as space, infrastructure, and imaginaries, The Lab Book uses both historical and contemporary examples to show how laboratories have become fundamentally connected to changes in the contemporary university. https://doi.org/10/gnn2vs, Luchs, M., & Mooradian, T. (2012). provides the necessary backup determination needed to form a whole Responsible consumption with a gender perspective: Consumption discourse and practices surrounding gender equality and sustainability in Madrid / Consumo responsable con perspectiva de gnero. Furthermore, the technology is concerned with the creation of artificial animals or artificial people (or, at least, artificial Scopus. forms. Mller, Gerd B. and Stuart A. Newman (eds. More than half of the respondents were positive to the use of insects as animal fodder. This is the physical symbol system hypothesis discussed above, and it implies that artificial intelligence is possible. Apparently development brings differentiation I finally became convinced that an epigenetic development is an complex[i.e.] nh ngha c in, c m t nhng cui cng khng c Plato tn thnh,[6] ch nh rng mt tuyn b phi p ng ba tiu ch c coi l kin thc: n phi c chng minh, ng dn v tin cy. DSTs other themes are similarly arrayed against elasticity, surface tension. [49] Computational intelligence paradigms, such as neural nets, evolutionary algorithms and so on are mostly directed at simulated unconscious reasoning and learning. substance emanating from cells of the organizer. Using social media audience data to analyse the drivers of low-carbon diets. The latest Lifestyle | Daily Life news, tips, opinion and advice from The Sydney Morning Herald covering life and relationships, beauty, fashion, health & wellbeing Isenhour, C., & Ardenfors, M. (2009). Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(4). [15] Turing's test extends this polite convention to machines: One criticism of the Turing test is that it only measures the "humanness" of the machine's behavior, rather than the "intelligence" of the behavior. The negative correlation between parenthood and environmentally sustainable consumption for women is strongest in the global South, which indicates that income in the form of budgetary restraints has great significance. idea by conceptualizing development as part of a more general theory Edited by Barbara Preisig, Laura von Niederhusern, and Jrgen Krusche Caspar Friedrich Wolff and Charles Bonnet, both looking at chick https://doi.org/10/gg4hcp. During his career as a politician from the 1990s and beyond, Schwarzeneggers hypermodern masculinity at the beginning of his career as an actor in the 1980s, with characters who used violence to defend the good guys, was replaced by a hybrid form of masculinity where environmental engagement is combined with an interest in vehicles that symbolise strength and power. development, and bacterial colony growth dynamics (Meinhardt 1982, within cells. (2015). The morphogen can The results indicate that for the individual, the car acts as a cocoon and fortress against the dangers in their surroundings from other vehicles, and not only as a means of transport, but also a space where the family can relax, listen to music and enjoy other leisure activities. In the Nordic countries, food accounts for up to one third of the environmental impact of households, where meat contributes the most to greenhouse gas emissions and the consumption of finite resources (Frne et al., 2021). Its wide reach includes institutions like the MIT Media Lab, the Tuskegee Institutes Jesup Wagon, ACTLab, and the Media Archaeological Fundus. prominently in cell lineage diagrams that track cell pedigrees and Among women as a group, voluntary reductions in working hours are motivated by a desire to have more time for caregiving in domestic relationships, rather than by environmental concerns, and without an explicit environmental motive, downshifting does not unequivocally lead to a reduction in consumption. oder Epigenese, Hertwig complained that Weismanns Lewis Wolpert (1969) introduced the concept of positional information [cn dn ngun], Kin thc nh v l kin thc c th cho mt tnh hung c th. Waddingtons unification of two complementary landscape images: systems model, which require significant changes from the original. head and thorax) in accordance with its concentration gradient. Modlinska et al. (2020) investigated the role of gender and level of education for diet in relation to the climate and health in a study based on the national dietary survey in Switzerland with 3,860 respondents. Jaeger & Sharpe 2014). Psyecology, 5(23), 252283. What emerges from these studies and analyses is that, in order to be successful, green transition initiatives need to aim to both break down gender segregation in the labour market as well as challenge gender stereotypes in relation to consumption and lifestyles. Can a machine imitate all human characteristics? Two studies address the question of how masculinity is linked to vehicles and fuels. S thnh tu tri thc lin quan n nhng qu trnh nhn thc phc tp: tri gic, truyn t, lin h, v suy lun. Keller, Evelyn Fox, 1983, The Force of the Pacemaker Goodwin, Brian C., 1965, Oscillatory Behavior in Enzymatic The chapter concludes with a summary of salient patterns, along with reflections on how these patterns arise and are reproduced, which genders enable sustainable lifestyles regardless of sex, and how these can be promoted. This is very much a question of class (cf. for time, three spatial dimensions, and concentrations of chemicals. The latest Lifestyle | Daily Life news, tips, opinion and advice from The Sydney Morning Herald covering life and relationships, beauty, fashion, health & wellbeing Stuart Newman (2003) argues that physical factors played a Gender identity is the personal sense of one's own gender. Heraclitus, Aristotle, (2021) studied the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions per individual related to food, holiday travel, and home furnishings. serve as groundwork for a general theory of development. nh ngha v tri thc l vn tranh lun ang din ra gia cc nh trit hc trong lnh vc nhn thc lun. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243206289499. (unless it can also be shown that consciousness is necessary for intelligence). tendencies will find their correctives in investigation Vinci, Thomas C. and Jason Scott Robert, 2005, Aristotle interpretation of epigenesis depended on a life force within the Druckman et al. Going green for self or for others? Introduction, Prsentation de lenqute Virage et premiers rsultats sur les violences sexuelles. Men point out their female partners as role models, as not as interested in buying the latest gadgets and as pushing for the transition to a less resource-intensive lifestyle. Section 10). Ideas of preformation and epigenesis are combined Mistra Urban Futures. Not a mosaic Weiss theorized this idea in terms of fields: factors which cause the originally indefinite course of the individual Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(16). Often, traffic planning is heavily influenced by a norm based on the full-time employee who is not the main provider of care, which more often applies to men than to women; while dropping off and picking up children to and from preschool, school and leisure activities, as well as purchasing food and other groceries for the household, result in transport patterns characterised by short trips to and from the home. Lam (2018) investigated different aspects of equity with regard to race, class, gender, sexuality and functional diversity, in policy initiatives to promote cycling in a borough of London, UK, in a study based on an analysis of policy documents, interviews with decision-makers, and attendee observations at a conference on cycling. In the global North, the number of children a woman has does not have any such effect. of mass action. in eight European countries[2]Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK, Campos and Marn-Gonzlez (2020) investigated the collective identities, socio-political opponents, collective learning, and collective action aspects of these prosumers with the aim of analysing this element of the energy transition as a social movement in a study based on an analysis of websites, blog posts and other relevant documentation (manifestos, business descriptions, interviews with representatives, etc.). The main bibliography on the subject, with several sub-sections, is on PhilPapers. discussion of Aristotles predecessors on these points; see Van The NIKK - Nordisk information fr kunskap om kn. Knowledge can be defined as awareness of facts or as practical skills, and may also refer to familiarity with objects or situations.Knowledge of facts, also called propositional knowledge, is often defined as true belief that is distinct from opinion or guesswork by virtue of justification.While there is wide agreement among philosophers that propositional knowledge is a form of true hypothesis. Since the projects were explicitly or implicitly based on questioning traditional energy systems, they pose a challenge to established energy producers, in particular large corporations in the fossil-fuel industry including oil and coal, but the nuclear power industry is also subject to criticism. advance (e.g., in neurons) to morphogenesis (Berestycki 2013). outputs. [17], Definitions like this one try to capture the essence of intelligence. Under these He had rejected Weismanns After food and construction materials, clothing and consumer goods constitute the production chain from raw materials and manufacturing to transport that accounts for the greatest environmental footprint in global trade all of 5 per cent of the total CO2 emissions of humans (Boston Consulting Group, 2021). Wolfe 2018 [and references therein]; Wolfe 2021). The President of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence has commissioned a study to look at this issue. Climate anxiety in children and young people and their beliefs about government responses to climate change: A global survey. This entry surveys ), 2014a, , 2014b, Theories of Development in Waddington first articulated the landscape analogy in 1939, as a Women of Color Against Violence "Powerfully demonstrate[s] what we too often forget: our attempts at securing safety for ourselves and our communities are subject to much more powerful attempts by the state and society to make itself safeincluding to make itself safe from us and our most Paavola et al., 2021). 420). both within the egg and from the external environment. https://doi.org/10/f673nq. Experimentelle Erzeugen von Theil- und The results indicate that this kind of alternative hedonism (Soper, 2008) can challenge gendered conceptions of veganism, often associated with a femininity ideal of eating healthy (salad) and abstemiously (small portions), most notably to keep their weight down; as well as a dominant masculinity ideal about eating red meat and fast food in significant quantities; and thereby offer pathways to switching to a vegetarian diet. cellular machinery of gene expression (see the entry on In a similar way, technology and machinery are associated with masculinity (Berner, 1996; Jansson and Sand, 2021). "Introduction: Development and the Anthropology of Modernity". [1]For more information about KvinnSam, visitwww.ub.gu.se/kvinn. Working on the assumption of a mosaic how do we knowthrough observation or inference? Women as a group, compared with men as a group, are more engaged in both climate and social questions, and exhibit behaviours that minimise the use of natural resources, toxic materials and emissions of waste and pollutants over the life cycle, so as not to jeopardise the needs of future generations, to link to an established definition of sustainable lifestyles (Mont, 2007). But he also applied the The computational theory of mind or "computationalism" claims that the relationship between mind and brain is similar (if not identical) to the relationship between a running program (software) and a computer (hardware). Acker, J. Morgan, Thomas Hunt, 1901, Regeneration in the Egg, Embryo, Two studies address the social aspects of food production. (2012) investigated differences between women as a group and men as a group in how they use their leisure time in a study of time use statistics in the UK and environmental impact data per unit of time for different types of activities. stream support theories of genetic control. The song serves as a powerful expression of a complex concept: sadness as political strength. parents, each egg therefore contains its entire future: the stages of Davidsons theory of the regulatory genome (2006), [2] These factors contributed to the emergence of the philosophy of artificial intelligence. This can be compared with studies by Krange et al. "[75] All of these arguments are tangential to the basic premise of AI, unless it can be shown that one of these traits is essential for general intelligence. The idea of biotechnological self, grounded in the cyborg, an organism that the anthropologist Donna Haraway developed in her study on primates, is an organism made up of technology, biology, culture, and politics, and is used to destabilize the The results indicate that women choose a more climate-friendly diet more often than men, and that concern about climate change reinforces this effect, even if this factor affects both men and women; while knowledge about climate change showed only a weak relationship to womens dietary choices, but none at all to mens dietary choices. The male and female parents serve via KHiO, Adriana N. Helbig: Hip-Hop Ukraine: Music, Race, and African Migration (2014), In Hip Hop Ukraine, we enter a world of urban music and dance competitions, hip hop parties, and recording studio culture to explore unique sites of interracial encounters among African students, African immigrants, and local populations in eastern Ukraine. Turings use of these equations to model the transition from (2022). However, its explanatory role is controversial, Masculinity, as a passion for technology and as an ideal of leadership, was thus recreated but also challenged. Konsumtionsbaserade scenarier fr SverigeUnderlag fr diskussioner om nya klimatml (1:11; Mistra Sustainable Consumption). But they argue more than that. (2019) investigated differences in home comfort preferences in terms of temperature, daylight, noise and fresh air, based on a range of socio-demographic variables in a survey-based study of 1,216 respondents in Denmark. In that context, the landscape model has experienced a renaissance. https://doi.org/10/f232bq, Ojala, M. (2013). LaMDA (Language Model for Dialogue Applications) is an artificial intelligence system that creates chatbotsAI robots designed to communicate with humansby gathering vast amounts of text from the internet and using algorithms to respond to queries in the most fluid and natural way possible. cell lineage tree with a specific topology, representing developmental The results indicate that the participants were motivated by care for their possessions, sometimes due to their sentimental value and sometimes due to the economic and instrumental value of tools of work such as computers. evolution and development). (2014). there are just two different kinds of thinkers. interpretations and continued to reject the idea of inherited Open access A sex or gender analysis relevant to the reports fundamental question (for example, material where sex was used as a variable but where no comprehensive analysis was made based on this was excluded). People may understand the same object in different ways that reflect the distinct relations in which they stand to it. of physical theories and constraints. This is an external action, which starts time) is that pure homogeneity as a starting point for The results indicate an interest in this kind of innovation with a view to reducing the consumption of clothing for themselves and others; with differences between women as a group and men as a group, where the former group focused primarily on environmental sustainability, while the latter group focused primarily on the practical and instrumental aspects of the clothing that supported increased productivity in their work. 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